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Crop Production and Management Class 8 Short Notes


NCERT class 8 science chapter 1, Crop Production and Management, provides foundational knowledge about how crops are grown, the types of crops, the processes involved in farming, and about the tools and techniques used in agriculture.

Understanding these concepts helps students to learn about the role of agriculture in human life. We have covered all important points here and also listed crop production and management class 8 short notes. Let’s highlight important key points from Crop Production and Management chapter.

1) Introduction to Agriculture


• Crops: Cultivated plants that are grown on a large scale to provide wheat, grain, vegetables, fruit, clothing, and other useful materials.

• Agriculture: The practice of growing crops and raising animals for food, fiber, medicinal plants, and other products to sustain and enhance our life.

• Importance of Crop Production: Crops are the primary food source for our life, it is essential for the survival as it provides food, vegetables and fruits.

2. Types of crops


• Kharif Crops: Crops grown in the rainy season (June to September) like paddy, maize, soybean, groundnut and cotton are called kharif crops.

• Rabi Crops: Crops that are sown in the winter season (October to March) like wheat, gram, linseed, and mustard.

3. Basic Practices of Crop Production


• Preparation of Soil: It is the first step before growing a crop, which turn the soil and loosen it. It helps roots to penetrate deep into the soil.

• Ploughing: Loosening and turning the soil to improve the water retention ability of soil.

• Leveling: breaking down large clumps of soil to make the field ready for sowing.

• Sowing: The process of placing seeds in the soil. It is important to use good quality seeds.

• Adding Manure and Fertilizers: Manures and fertilizers are added to the soil to supply essential nutrients for plant growth.

• Irrigation: The supply of water to crops at regular intervals. Methods include traditional methods like moats and modern methods like drip irrigation.

• Weeding: It is the process of removing unwanted plants or weeds, from an area.

• Harvesting: The process of removing the useful parts of a mature plant from the field, which are ready for consumption, storage, or sale

• Storage: Proper storage of crops is necessary to prevent damage from pests, insects, and moisture.

4. Irrigation Methods


• Traditional Methods: Include wells, tanks, and canals.

• Modern Methods: Include sprinkler systems and drip irrigation, which conserve water and deliver it directly to the roots.

5. Protection from Weeds


• Weed Control: Weed control is a type of pest control, It can be done through manual removal or using chemicals called Herbicides.

6. Harvesting and Storage


• Harvesting: In this, cutting off the crop after it matures. This is followed by threshing (separating grains from the stalks).

• Storage: Ensuring that harvested grains are stored in clean, dry, and proper ventilated places to protect them from pests and moisture.

Crop Production and Management Class 8 Questions Answers


Q 1. What are the sources of irrigation?
Ans. Wells, Tubewells, Ponds, Lake, River and Dams.
Q 2. Full form of NPK?
Ans. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium.
Q 3. The substance which are added to the soil in the form of nutrients for the healthy growth of a plant are called?
Ans. Manure and Fertilizers.
Q 4. The process of loosing and turning of the soil is called?
Ans. Tilling and ploughing.

Q 5. What is the last step in agriculture practice?
Ans. Storage.
Q 6. What is the first step in agriculture practice?
Ans. Preparation of the soil.
Q 7. How many steps involved in agriculture practices?
Ans. 7 steps.
Q 8. Why Paddy seeds are grown in rainy season?
Ans. Because it requires a lot of water.
Q 9. Examples of rabi crops?
Ans. Wheat, gram, pea and mustard.
Q 10. Examples of kharif crop?
Ans. Paddy, maize, groundnut and cotton.
Q 11. Kharif crop are grown in?
Ans. Monsoon season.
Q 12. Rabi crop are grown in?
Ans. Winter season.

Q 13. What are the essential elements of growing crop?
Ans. Water and Nutrients in the soil.
Q 14. Damaged seeds would float on the?
Ans. Top of the water.
Q 15. The first step before growing crop is?
Ans. Preparation of the soil.
Q 16. When different crops are growing alternatives on the same land is called?
Ans. Crop Rotation.
Q 17. Wheat and Mustard is a?
Ans. Rabi crop.
Q 18. The crop that are grown in winter season are called?
Ans. Rabi.
Q 19. Which crop are sown in rainy season are called?
Ans. Kharif.
Q 20. The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called?
Ans. Crop.

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